How to Change HVAC Filters

After constantly using your HVAC system for a long time, you need to give it some maintenance work to keep it in optimal working condition. Regular maintenance tasks, specifically changing the HVAC filters, are one way to keep it running efficiently for a long time. While it’s easier to hire an HVAC company like Elevate Home Services to change the air filters, you can follow a simple process so you can do it yourself.

Where Is My HVAC Filter?

The HVAC filter is typically located where the return duct enters the air handler or furnace. In many systems, this is along the return air duct on either the interior or exterior side of the unit. For systems with a dedicated return air filter grille, the filter might be found behind the grille itself. You can always check your system’s manual for the precise location, as it can vary based on the HVAC system’s model and design.

How to Change HVAC Air Filters: A Step-By-Step Process

Step 1: Turn Off the HVAC System

Before changing the dirty filter, completely turn off the HVAC system. This prevents particles and debris from entering the system while you are changing the filter and protects you from accidental electrical shocks that may burn your skin. Locate the power switch, which sits near the main unit, and turn it off.

Step 2: Locate the Air Filter

You can typically find the air filter within the air handler unit or the return air duct. If you are unsure about the exact location, check your HVAC system’s manual. Most filters are situated behind a removable panel or door that is easy to open.

Step 3: Remove the Old Filter

Once you have accessed the filter compartment, carefully remove the old filter. Pay attention to the directional arrows on the filter that point to the airflow direction. Note this for when you install the new filter.

Step 4: Inspect the Dirty Air Filter

Take a brief moment to inspect the current filter. If it appears dark and dirty, your filter is doing its job. Regularly check filters to understand how many instances they need changing based on your usage and environment.

Step 5: Choose the Correct Replacement Filter

Get the right size and type of filter for your HVAC system. There are various filter sizes and ratings, so refer to your system’s manual or the old filter to find the correct specifications. Filters are graded by their MERV rating, indicating their effectiveness in filtering out particles.

Step 6: Install the Clean Filter

Place the new filter into the air filter slot, ensuring it fits snugly. Be sure to install the filter with the arrows pointing toward the airflow, matching what you noted while removing the filthy air filter. Incorrect installation can reduce efficiency and cause damage to your system.

Step 7: Secure the Filter Compartment

Once you place the new filter in, secure the filter compartment by closing the panel or door. Ensure it is properly sealed to prevent any air leaks, which could affect the system’s performance.

Step 8: Turn On the HVAC System

Turn the HVAC system back on after the new filter is securely installed. Check if it is running smoothly without any unusual noises. A properly installed air filter should allow your system to operate efficiently.

Step 9: Regular Maintenance

Mark the filter change date on your calendar and plan to check it regularly. Depending on the filter type and usage, aim to replace it every 1-3 months. Regular filter changes are vital for preserving indoor air quality and extending the life of your HVAC system.

Necessary Tools When Changing HVAC Air Filters

When changing HVAC air filters, having the right tools can make the process smoother. Some of the essential tools you may need include:

• Screwdriver. Depending on your HVAC unit, you may need a flathead or Phillips screwdriver to remove screws securing the filter compartment door.
• Needle-Nose Pliers. Useful for pulling out the old filter if it’s stuck or difficult to remove.
• Flashlight. A flashlight can help you see inside the filter compartment, especially if it’s located in a dimly lit area.
• Gloves. Wearing gloves protects your hands from dirt and debris when handling the old filter.
• Vacuum Cleaner. A vacuum cleaner with a hose attachment can clean out any accumulated dust or debris around the filter compartment before installing the new filter.
• Permanent Marker. Use a permanent marker to note the filter change date or the airflow direction on the filter itself.
• HVAC System Manual. Keep your HVAC system’s manual handy for quick reference to ensure you’re using the correct filter type and following proper procedures.

Types of HVAC Air Filters

High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) Filters

HEPA filters are known for their superior efficiency in removing airborne particles. These filters can capture 99.97% of particles as small as 0.3 microns, including pollen, smoke, and bacteria. HEPA filters have a high MERV rating, typically between 17 and 20. Because of their high filtration capabilities, they are mostly used in hospitals and environments where air quality is critical.

Activated Carbon Filters

Activated carbon filters contain carbon granules or powder that absorb odors and chemical vapors, making them suitable for households with strong smells or airborne chemicals. They generally have a lower MERV rating but add an extra filtration layer by removing gases and odors from the air. These filters can go alongside other filter types for extensive air purification.

Washable Filters

Washable or reusable filters can be cleaned and installed multiple times. They are environmentally friendly and can be washed with water and mild detergent. They also have a lower MERV rating, around 1 to 4, and must be regularly cleaned to maintain efficiency. Despite their initial higher cost, their reusability can reduce costs in the long run.

Fiberglass Filters

Fiberglass air filters are the most basic type of air filter and are typically the least expensive. These use layered fiberglass fibers and can protect your HVAC system by trapping larger particles like dust, lint, and debris. However, they do not offer much to improve air quality as they have a lower MERV rating between 1 and 4.

Pleated Filters

Pleated filters are made of polyester or cotton paper that folds into pleats, which increases the surface area for capturing particles. These filters are more efficient than fiberglass filters, with a MERV rating ranging from 5 to 13. They can trap smaller particles such as mold spores, pet dander, and tiny dust particles, making them ideal for households seeking better air quality.

Electrostatic Filters

Electrostatic filters use self-charging fibers to attract and trap particles. They can be either disposable or washable and reusable. The electrostatic charge makes them highly efficient in capturing airborne particles. They usually have a MERV rating between 5 and 10, and their efficiency can depend on the model.

UV Filters

UV filters use ultraviolet light to kill bacteria and viruses that pass through the HVAC system. While they are not used as standalone filters, they are usually installed along with other filter types to add an extra layer of purification. UV filters are particularly effective in sterilizing the air and eliminating pathogens, contributing to healthier indoor air quality.

Media Filters

Media filters provide higher efficiency and longer-lasting performance than standard filters. These filters have a larger surface area and are folded into a series of accordion-like pleats. They have a high MERV rating, typically between 8 and 16, and can capture finer particles, including bacteria and mold spores. Media filters require professional installation but offer superior air filtration and long-term benefits.

Change Your HVAC’s Air Filters the Right Way

If your HVAC filters are worn out and no longer filter clean air, it’s time to replace them with a newer, better one. Remember that some HVAC systems may need a different method of replacing their air filters, so it’s best to refer to their user manual on how to change filters on HVAC systems. But if you don’t have the skills or time, it’s best to hire professionals.

That’s where Elevate Home Services steps in to get the job done. Changing air filters has never been a huge problem for us because of our extensive knowledge about HVAC systems. We study every model and learn the air filter replacement process so that our clients can use their HVAC units in no time.

Contact us today to let us change your HVAC system’s air filters.